Itandukaniro riri hagati yaUbwoko bwa polyether ya TPUnaubwoko bwa polyester
TPU ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bwa polyether n'ubwoko bwa polyester. Dukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye mu ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa, hagomba gutoranywa ubwoko butandukanye bwa TPU. Urugero, niba ibisabwa kugira ngo hifashishwe hydrolysis ari byinshi, TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyether irakwiriye kurusha TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyester.
None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku itandukaniro riri hagatiubwoko bwa polyether TPUnaubwoko bwa polyester TPU, n'uburyo bwo kubitandukanya? Ibi bikurikira bizasobanura ibintu bine: itandukaniro mu bikoresho fatizo, itandukaniro mu miterere, igereranya ry'imikorere, n'uburyo bwo kubimenya.
1, Itandukaniro mu bikoresho fatizo
Ndizera ko abantu benshi bazi igitekerezo cya elastomer za thermoplastic, zifite imiterere y’imiterere y’ibice byombi byoroshye n’ibikomeye, kugira ngo bitume ibikoresho bikomera kandi bibe bizima.
TPU ifite kandi ibice by'iminyururu yoroshye n'ikomeye, kandi itandukaniro riri hagati ya TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyether na TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyester riri mu itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibice by'iminyururu yoroshye. Dushobora kubona itandukaniro riturutse ku bikoresho fatizo.
Ubwoko bwa polyether TPU: 4-4 '- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), hamwe n'igipimo kingana na 40% kuri MDI, 40% kuri PTMEG, na 20% kuri BDO.
TPU yo mu bwoko bwa poliyester: 4-4 '- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), aside adipic (AA), MDI ifite hafi 40%, AA ifite hafi 35%, naho BDO ifite hafi 25%.
Turabona ko ibikoresho fatizo bya polyether type TPU soft chain segment ari polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG); Ibikoresho fatizo bya polyester type TPU soft chain segments ni aside adipic (AA), aho aside adipic ikorana na butanediol bigatuma ikora polybutylene adipate ester nk'igice cy'umunyururu woroshye.
2, Itandukaniro mu miterere
Uruhererekane rw'amakaro rwa TPU rufite imiterere y'umurongo wa (AB) n-type block linear, aho A ari polyester cyangwa polyether ifite uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile (1000-6000), B muri rusange ni butanediol, naho imiterere y'imiti iri hagati y'ibice by'umuyoboro wa AB ni diisocyanate.
Dukurikije imiterere itandukanye ya A, TPU ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwa polyester, ubwoko bwa polyether, ubwoko bwa polycaprolactone, ubwoko bwa polycarbonate, n'ibindi. Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara ni ubwoko bwa polyether TPU na polyester TPU.
Dukurikije ishusho iri hejuru, dushobora kubona ko imiyoboro rusange ya molekile ya TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyether na TPU yo mu bwoko bwa polyester byombi ari imiterere igororotse, itandukaniro rikomeye rikaba niba igice cy'umuyoboro woroshye ari polyether polyol cyangwa polyol ya polyester.
3, Kugereranya Imikorere
Polyol za polyether ni polymer cyangwa oligomer zifite imigozi ya ether n'amatsinda ya hydroxyl ku mpera z'amatsinda ku miterere y'uruhererekane rw'ingenzi rwa molekile. Bitewe n'ingufu nkeya z'imigozi ya ether mu miterere yayo no ku buryo bworoshye kuyizunguruka.
Bityo, polyether TPU ifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya ubushyuhe buri hasi, irwanya hydrolysis, irwanya ibishishwa, irwanya UV, nibindi. Iki gicuruzwa gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza mu ntoki, ariko imbaraga z'igishishwa n'imbaraga zo kuvunika ni bike cyane.
Amatsinda ya ester afite ingufu zikomeye zo guhuza muri polyol za polyester ashobora gukora imigozi ya hydrogen ifite ibice bikomeye by'umunyururu, igakora nk'ingingo zo guhuza. Ariko, polyester ikunze kwangirika bitewe n'ubwinjirane bw'uturemangingo tw'amazi, kandi aside ikorwa na hydrolysis ishobora kurushaho gutuma polyester ikora hydrolysis.
Kubwibyo, polyester TPU ifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike, idashira, idacika, idakoresha imiti, idakoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi yoroshye kuyitunganya, ariko idakoresha hydrolysis nabi.
4, Uburyo bwo kumenya
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha TPU, ni ngombwa kuvuga ko guhitamo bigomba gushingira ku byo ikoranabuhanga rikenera. Kugira ngo ugere ku miterere myiza ya mashini, koresha polyester TPU; Niba urebye ikiguzi, ubucucike, n'aho ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa, nko gukora ibikoresho byo kwidagadura mu mazi, polyether TPU ni yo ikwiriye.
Ariko, iyo uhisemo, cyangwa uvanga ubwoko bubiri bwa TPU mu buryo butunguranye, nta tandukaniro rigaragara bigira mu miterere. None se twabitandukanya dute?
Mu by’ukuri hari uburyo bwinshi, nka chemical colorimetry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), mid infrared spectroscopy, nibindi. Ariko, ubu buryo busaba ibikoresho bya tekiniki byo hejuru kandi bifata igihe kirekire.
Ese hari uburyo bworoshye kandi bwihuse bwo kumenya? Igisubizo ni yego, urugero, uburyo bwo kugereranya ubucucike.
Ubu buryo busaba gusa ikizamini cy’ubucucike. Dufashe urugero rw’igipimo cy’ubucucike cya rubber gifite ubuhanga buhanitse, intambwe zo gupima ni izi:
Shyira ibicuruzwa mu mbonerahamwe yo gupimisha, garagaza uburemere bw'ibicuruzwa, hanyuma ukande kuri Enter kugirango wibuke.
Shyira umusaruro mu mazi kugira ngo ugaragaze agaciro k'ubucucike.
Uburyo bwose bwo gupima bufata amasegonda 5, hanyuma bugatandukanywa hashingiwe ku ihame ry'uko ubucucike bwa polyester TPU buri hejuru kurusha ubwa polyether TPU. Ingano yihariye y'ubucucike ni: polyether TPU -1.13-1.18 g/cm3; Polyester TPU -1.18-1.22 g/cm3. Ubu buryo bushobora gutandukanya vuba ubwoko bwa polyester TPU n'ubwoko bwa polyester.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-03-2024