Mu 1958, uruganda rukora imiti rwa Goodrich (ubu rwiswe Lubrizol) rwanditse bwa mbere ikirango cya TPU Estane.Mu myaka 40 ishize, ku isi hose habaye amazina arenga 20, kandi buri kirango gifite ibicuruzwa byinshi.Kugeza ubu, TPU ikora ibikoresho fatizo birimo BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, Wanhua Chemical Group, Shanghai Heng'an, Ruihua, Xuchuan Chemical, nibindi.
1 、 Icyiciro cya TPU
Ukurikije ibice byoroheje byubatswe, birashobora kugabanywa mubwoko bwa polyester, ubwoko bwa polyether, nubwoko bwa butadiene, burimo ester group, ether group, cyangwa itsinda rya butene.
Ukurikije imiterere igoye, irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa urethane nubwoko bwa urethane urea, iboneka muburyo bwa Ethylene glycol yagura cyangwa umugozi wa diamine.Ibyiciro rusange bigabanijwemo ubwoko bwa polyester nubwoko bwa polyether.
Ukurikije kubaho cyangwa kutabaho kwambukiranya, birashobora kugabanywamo ibice bya termoplastique na kimwe cya kabiri cya termoplastique.
Iyambere ifite umurongo utunganijwe neza kandi ntaho uhurira;Iyanyuma irimo umubare muto uhuza imiyoboro nka Allophanic acide ester.
Ukurikije ikoreshwa ryibicuruzwa byarangiye, birashobora kugabanywamo ibice byanditse (ibintu bitandukanye bya Machine), imiyoboro (sheaths, imyirondoro yabari), firime (impapuro, amasahani yoroheje), ibifatika, ibifuniko, fibre, nibindi.
2 、 Synthesis ya TPU
TPU ni iya polyurethane ukurikije imiterere ya molekile.None, yakusanyije ite?
Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwa synthesis, igabanijwemo ahanini polymerisation hamwe nigisubizo polymerisation.
Muri polymerisiyasi nyinshi, irashobora kandi kugabanwa muburyo bwa polymerisation hamwe nintambwe imwe yuburyo bushingiye kuboneka cyangwa kutabaho kwa reaction:
Uburyo bwa prepolymerisation burimo gukora diisocyanate hamwe na macromolecular diol mugihe runaka mbere yo kongeramo urunigi kugirango rutange TPU;
Uburyo bw'intambwe imwe burimo icyarimwe kuvanga no gukora macromolecular diol, diisocyanates, hamwe no kwagura urunigi kugirango bibe TPU.
Gukemura polymerisation bikubiyemo kubanza gushonga diisocyanate mumashanyarazi, hanyuma ukongeramo macromolecular diol kugirango ikore mugihe runaka, hanyuma amaherezo wongereho urunigi kugirango ubyare TPU.
Ubwoko bwa TPU igice cyoroshye, uburemere bwa molekile, ibikomeye cyangwa byoroshye igice, hamwe na leta ya TPU birashobora kugira ingaruka kubucucike bwa TPU, hamwe nubucucike bwa 1.10-1.25, kandi nta tandukaniro rikomeye ugereranije nibindi byuma na plastiki.
Kubukomere bumwe, ubwinshi bwubwoko bwa TPU buri munsi ugereranije nubwoko bwa polyester TPU.
3 Gutunganya TPU
Ibice bya TPU bisaba inzira zitandukanye kugirango bibe ibicuruzwa byanyuma, cyane cyane ukoresheje gushonga nuburyo bwo gukemura uburyo bwo gutunganya TPU.
Gutunganya gushonga ni inzira isanzwe ikoreshwa mu nganda za pulasitike, nko kuvanga, kuzunguruka, gusohora, kubumba, no kubumba;
Gutunganya igisubizo ninzira yo gutegura igisubizo mugushonga ibice mumashanyarazi cyangwa kubitondekanya muburyo butaziguye, hanyuma bigatwikirwa, kuzunguruka, nibindi.
Ibicuruzwa byanyuma bikozwe muri TPU mubusanzwe ntibisaba guhuza ibirunga, bishobora kugabanya umusaruro no gutunganya imyanda.
4 、 Imikorere ya TPU
TPU ifite modulus nyinshi, imbaraga nyinshi, kuramba cyane no gukomera, kwihanganira kwambara neza, kurwanya amavuta, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, no kurwanya gusaza.
Imbaraga zingana cyane, kuramba cyane, hamwe no kugabanuka kwigihe kirekire cyo kugabanuka bihoraho ni byiza cyane bya TPU.
XiaoU izasobanura cyane cyane kumiterere ya mashini ya TPU uhereye kumbaraga nkimbaraga zingana no kuramba, kwihangana, gukomera, nibindi.
Imbaraga zingana cyane no kuramba cyane
TPU ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi ndende.Duhereye ku makuru ari ku gishushanyo gikurikira, turashobora kubona ko imbaraga zingana no kurambura ubwoko bwa TPU ari byiza cyane kuruta ibya plastivinyl chloride plastike na rubber.
Byongeye kandi, TPU irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa ninganda zibiribwa hamwe ninyongeramusaruro nkeya cyangwa ntayongeweho mugihe cyo gutunganya, ibyo bikaba bigoye no kubindi bikoresho nka PVC na rubber kubigeraho.
Kwihangana birumva cyane ubushyuhe
Kwihangana kwa TPU bivuga urwego rusubirana vuba uko rwahoze nyuma yo guhagarika umutima, bikagaragazwa nkingufu zo gukira, arirwo rugereranyo rwimirimo yo gusubiza inyuma imikorere nakazi gasabwa kugirango habeho guhindura ibintu.Nibikorwa bya modulus yingirakamaro hamwe no guterana imbere kwumubiri wa elastique kandi wumva cyane ubushyuhe.
Kwiyongera kugabanuka no kugabanuka kwubushyuhe kugeza ubushyuhe runaka, kandi elastique irongera kwiyongera vuba.Ubu bushyuhe nubushyuhe bwo korohereza igice cyoroshye, kigenwa nuburyo bwa macromolecular diol.Ubwoko bwose TPU iri munsi yubwoko bwa polyester TPU.Ku bushyuhe buri munsi yubushyuhe bwa kristu, elastomer iba ikomeye cyane ikabura elastique.Kubwibyo, kwihangana bisa no gusubirana hejuru yicyuma gikomeye.
Urwego rukomeye ni Shore A60-D80
Gukomera ni ikimenyetso cyerekana ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kurwanya ihinduka, gutanga amanota, no gushushanya.
Ubukomere bwa TPU mubusanzwe bupimwa hifashishijwe ibizamini bya Shore A na Shore D, hamwe na Shore A ikoreshwa kuri TPU yoroshye na Shore D ikoreshwa kuri TPU zikomeye.
Ubukomezi bwa TPU burashobora guhindurwa muguhindura igipimo cyibice byoroshye kandi bikomeye.Kubwibyo, TPU ifite ubugari buringaniye buringaniye, kuva kuri Shore A60-D80, ikazenguruka ubukana bwa reberi na plastike, kandi ifite ubuhanga bukomeye murwego rwose rukomeye.
Nkuko gukomera guhinduka, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya TPU birashobora guhinduka.Kurugero, kongera ubukana bwa TPU bizavamo impinduka zimikorere nko kongera modulus tensile hamwe nimbaraga zamarira, kongera ubukana hamwe no guhagarika umutima (ubushobozi bwumutwaro), kugabanuka kuramba, kongera ubukana nubushyuhe bukabije, no kongera ibidukikije.
5 、 Gushyira mu bikorwa TPU
Nka elastomer nziza cyane, TPU ifite icyerekezo kinini cyibicuruzwa byo hepfo kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikenerwa bya buri munsi, ibicuruzwa bya siporo, ibikinisho, ibikoresho byo gushushanya, nibindi bice.
Ibikoresho by'inkweto
TPU ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byinkweto kubera ubuhanga bukomeye kandi birwanya kwambara.Ibicuruzwa byinkweto zirimo TPU biroroshye cyane kwambara kuruta ibicuruzwa byinkweto zisanzwe, bityo bikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa byinkweto zo murwego rwohejuru, cyane cyane inkweto za siporo ninkweto zisanzwe.
hose
Bitewe n'ubworoherane, imbaraga nziza, imbaraga zingaruka, hamwe no guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke, ama TPU akoreshwa cyane mubushinwa nka gaze na peteroli kubikoresho bya mashini nkindege, tank, imodoka, moto, nibikoresho byimashini.
umugozi
TPU itanga amarira, kwihanganira kwambara, hamwe no kugunama, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke aribwo rufunguzo rwimikorere.Ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa rero, insinga zateye imbere nk'insinga zo kugenzura n’insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoresha TPU mu rwego rwo kurinda ibikoresho byo gutwikisha ibishushanyo mbonera bigoye, kandi ibyifuzo byabo bigenda byiyongera.
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
TPU ni ibikoresho bisimburwa na PVC bifite umutekano, bihamye kandi byujuje ubuziranenge, bitazaba birimo Phthalate n’ibindi bintu byangiza imiti, kandi bizimukira mu maraso cyangwa andi mazi ari muri catheteri y’ubuvuzi cyangwa mu gikapu cy’ubuvuzi kugira ngo bitere ingaruka mbi.Nicyiciro cyateguwe cyihariye cyo gukuramo no gutera inshinge TPU.
firime
Filime ya TPU ni firime yoroheje ikozwe mubikoresho bya TPU binyuze muburyo budasanzwe nko kuzunguruka, gukina, kuvuza, no gutwikira.Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nyinshi, kwambara birwanya, guhindagurika neza, no guhangana nikirere, firime za TPU zikoreshwa cyane munganda, ibikoresho byinkweto, imyenda ikwiranye, imodoka, imiti, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ubuvuzi, nizindi nzego.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-05-2020